Steam-turbine.



No. 730,983. A PATENTED JUNE 16, 1903. J. STUMPF.

STEAM TURBINE.

l APPLICATION FILED FEB. 24, 1903.

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No. 730,983. v PATENTED JUNE 16, 1903. J. STUMPP.

STEAM TURBINE.

APPLIOATION FILED rma. 24. 1903.

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-`NITED STATE-s Patented .T une 16, 1903.

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PATENT STEAM-TURBINE. J

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N o. 730,983, dated June16, 1903.

' Applicationled February 24,1903. Serial No. l144,683. (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHANN STUMPF, a subject ofthe King of Prussia,German Emperor, and a resident of 28 Rankestrasse, Charlottenburg, nearBerlin, Kingdom of Prussia, German Empire, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in Steam or Gas Turbines, of which the following isan exact specification. v

My invention relates to improvements in steam or gas turbines, and moreespecially to means for varying the speed of such turbines.

In usingsteam-turbines foractuatingscrewpropellers, pumps, and the likeapparatus, in which it is sometimes necessary to alter or change thenumber ot' revolutions for units of time, great disadvantages alwaysresult, owing to the fact that the angle of delivery of the steam-thatis, the angle which the inlet-.nozzles make with the turbine-wheel-isalways adjusted to a certain number of revolutions. If the turbine runsat any other speed, small shocks arise in the turbine in consequence ofthe angle of inclination of the nozzles not being suitable for thisdiierent number of revolutions. In all turbines the streaming velocityof the steam, the velocity of the circumference of the turbine-wheel,and the angle of inclination of the nozzles, as well as of the bucketsor shovels of the turbine-wheel, are dependent upon one another. Thisdependence may easily be seen from the diagram of velocities.

The losses mentioned above are avoided according to the presentinvention by arranging several rows of buckets or Vanes in theturbine-wheel, the buckets or vanes of each row being dierent in form orconstruction.

In order to make my invention more clear, I refer to the accompanyingdrawings, in which- Figure l is a vertical section of a turbineconstructed according to myinvention. Figs. 2, 3, and 4 are diagrams.

In the drawings, a is a turbine-wheel, the rim b of which is providedwith two rows of buckets or vanes c and d, of dierent forms, as will behereinafter described and shown. In the example shown the buckets are onthe circumference of the turbine-wheel; but it will be understood thatthe invention is apv plicable to any other constructionof turbines. Anadmission-channel e is situated around this turbine-wheel, in whichchannel nozzles l f are provided, through which the steam ilows in thewell-known manner upon the turbinewheel.

The turbine-wheel ct is fixed upon a shaft g, which can be movedsidewise by means of a lever 7L, journaled at t', or vby means of anyother suitable device. The drawings show the turbine-wheel inv theposition in which the steam Hows into the buckets d. If the shaft gisshifted to the right-hand side by means of the lever h, the steam willllow into the buckets c.

In Figs. 2 to 4 of the accompanying drawings turbine-wheel vanes of thewell-known Laval type are shown, applicable for difterent speeds. Thestreaming velocity of the admission-steam is in all three cases shownrepresented bythe letter w. and equals, say, nine hundred and eightymeters. In Fig. 2 the turbine is supposed to run at three thousandrevolutions, vin Fig. 3 at two thousand two hundred revolutions, and inFig. 4 at fifteen` hundred revolutions. The velocity at thecircumference of the turbine-wheel is con sequently o equals threehundred and fifty meters, o2 equals two hundred and sixty meters, and o3equals one hundred and seventy-ive meters in Figs. 2, 3, and 4,respectively. The relative streaming velocities of the admission-steamfor the vanes will consequently be found to be c equals six hundred andseventy-live meters, c2 equals seven hundred and forty meters, and c3equals eight hundred and ten meters, the angle of inclination of thenozzles being in all three cases twenty-four degrees.

The contact-surface for the steam in each Vane forms a segment of acircle, and the vanes are constructed so that the lines c', c2, and c3form tangents of these circles. The radii of the circles of thedifferent Vanes are dierent and are in the examples given r equalssixty-three millimeters, fr2 equals sixty millimeters,'and r3 equalsfifty-eight millimeters.

The construction shown in the drawings may be modiied in dierentways-so, for instance, instead of moving the turbine-wheels IOO sidewisethe nozzle-rim may be moved, While i zles and rows of buckets,substantially as deto the turbine-wheel remains in its position. scribedand for the purpose set forth.

Having thus'fully described the nature of In testimony whereof I havesigned my this invention, what desire to secure by Letname to thisspecification in the presence of 5 ters Patent ot' the United States istwo subscribing witnesses.

In a turbine, the combination of steam-ad- JOHANN STUMPF. missionnozzles, with a turbine-Wheel proitnessesz vided with several rows ofbuekets,and means HENRY HASPER,

for changing the reiative positions of the noz- WOLDEMAR HAUPT.

